Mandana d



MAN'DNA FENNER, OF ROCHESTER, NEW YORK.

Letters Patent No. 79,333, plated June 30, 1.868.

IMPROVEMENT IN PUMPS FOR OIL-WELLS.'

alle Scintille referat in iu time gritar patent' mit mating tattili ligt time.

TO ALL WHOM IT MAY CONCERN.: Be it knovrnthat I, MNDANAD. FENNEIL of Rochester, in the county of Monroe, and State of New York; have invented 'certain new and useful Improvements in P nmps for lOilWells, &c.; and I do hereby declare that the' following is a full and exactdescription thereof, reference" boin'g Ahad to the accompanying drawings, making part of this specilicaton.v l' I I Figure 1 is acentral vertical section of. my impro-ved pump.

Figure 2, a. central vertical section of the piston enlarged.

Like letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in both figures.

My invention consists in the employment of an auxiliaryA pipe, in combination''with` the ymain pipe, exten-d-y ing from top to 'bottom ofthe well, and having a. plunger ivorking therein, with a superincumbent column ot` liquid resting upon the plunger, the eilfeet being' to produce an agitation in the bottomV of the well. by tbc la`lter-l natevvorking of the plunger in drawing and in forcing out the liquid, thereby washing the-well and keeping the crevices clear, and insuring a full' supply of oil; a further eect being also produced in assistingto raise the liquid in the main tube by the downwardpressure of-that in the auxiliary tube. u

The invention further consists in -thespecial form and construction of-th'e piston, which is open Aat the bottom, und is provided with laterally-opening valves at theitop, whereby the passage for the liquid throughis greatly enlarged, and a better escape for gas provided. l` l As represented in the drawings, A is the bore of'the well, B the mainn tuBe, and C`the auxiliary tube. I prefer to bend the lower end of the auxiliary tube upward at the 'bottom of the 'well, as shown at a, but this is not absolutely essential. i

The moin tube is provided 'with lower vulve D `and piston E, asusual, and-has a connection, Gr,`extending to the top ofthe well, and connecting with the working parts,'byuhich'the piston is operatedr The auxiliary tube likewisehas a solid plunger, H, situated within suction distance of the bottom ol` the well, and from this a. connection, G1, entends to the top of the Well, and connects with the operating parts.

The connections G G, I'pre'fer to make of ivirc cable', but any equivalentlmay be employed.

Since therelative lengths of stroke of the'plungers'H Eshould be proportional to the relative sizes nf the tubes in which they move, it is necessary that the' arrangement of' the working machinery at the topof the well should be such as toproduce an inequality of leverage. i' This may be eected in any desired manner and by any 'desired mcansuJn the drawings, it is shown as accomplished by secondarylevers, I I, 'of unequal lengths, .operated by a. primarylever orfworking-beam, K.

By this arrangement,it will be perceived that the alternate strokes of the plungerin the auxiliary tube l'will' produce alternate mot-ions'o't` ltheliquid in the ivell, by drawing itl in and forcing it out of the tube; and `sincethew'ell is of small diameter, (only four or five inches,) this ivill produce a ver'y intense agitation. Thev lelect is to thoroughly lWashthe well and keep thesupply-erevices constantly clear4 of the-parailine andA other sediment that collects ordinarily. This is a matter of very great importance.

In ordinary wells, with but'a single main tube, there' is a. motion of the `liquid only 1n one directionupwardf for in the down stroke the check-valve f:loses`and"preventsthe down current. The tendency, under this inaction in the well, isto choke with paraiiine. Icontemplate, broadly, giving the liquid ini the tv elllan alternative and positive action, by a pipe opening-intoy the liquid, and having asolid or closed piston, throughv Y which the liquid cannot be passed upward. I l

In addition Ato-the above, a very important eect isv produced'by assisting to elevate the oil inthe main tube,-and thereby remove the great pressure from the' piston E., 'In the upward stroke-of the main-piston, the downward stroke of tho auxiliaryplunger with.the weight of. the superincumbentcolumn of liquid upon it, will apply pressure to the main column, and assist in elevating it, especially in such wellsvvhere the'pressure inward to thewell by the gas, or otherwise, is considerable. `Beside theresisting-pressure, the impetus obtained by the bend. a, under the main tube, will b e considerable'f By thisfmeans, much pressure is removed from the main piston, and thereby much leakage around the piston `is obviated, and much wear of thepacking is prevented. Much diculty is experienced in ordinary wells from these sources.

In soule wells, where there is no danger of clogging from paraiine, the main and auxiliary tubes might be united at their lower ends, and a system of valves might he applied, which would admit the oil and force it up thciiain tube, without expending the pressure of the auxiliary tube in the Well.

I make the piston E substantially as shown' in'iig. 2, that is, open at the bottom, as shown at Z7, and provided at the top with a suitable number of `lat valves, c c e c, situated on opposite sides of the conical or rounding head cl, and hinged atf, so asV to open outward, uncovering the ports, g g g g. In order to prevent them from opening outward too far, so as to strike the sides of thc barrel or cylinder, I provide the pistonhcadwith stops, h VL, which arrest the motion. d

By this arrangement, l secure a much larger passage, b, through the piston than usual, which 'not only increases the producing capacity of the pump, but also allows a better escape of the gas. The construction is also much 'simpler and cheaper than when a. ballvalve is employed, as usual, for, in such case, the piston is necessarilyinadeof several parts which `screw together, while mine may be made in only'a single piccc with the valves attached. v v

What Iclaim as my invention, and desire to secure by LettersPatent, is-` Au apparatus for washing-or producing an agitation in a well, consisting of a tube opening directly into the liquid ofthe well,`and having a solid plunger, in combination with an elevating-tube, having a valvular piston, when the plunger and piston have an inequality of leverage, substantiallyas described.

In-witn'ess whereof, I have hereunto signed. my name in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

' MANDANA D. FENNER.

Witnesses: y

R. F. Oscoop, J. A. DAVIS. 

